ADPN

This study investigated the association of multiple adipokines with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk in the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies cohort. Longitudinal analysis showed significant differences in chemerin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), adiponectin, and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) between GDM cases and controls from early to mid-pregnancy. Higher levels of FABP4, chemerin, IL-6, and leptin were positively associated with increased GDM risk, while adiponectin and sOB-R were inversely associated with GDM. At 10-14 weeks, including FABP4, chemerin, sOB-R, and HMW-adiponectin alongside conventional risk factors improved GDM prediction accuracy (AUC 0.77). These findings highlight the potential role of specific adipokines in GDM pathogenesis and their predictive value well before routine screening.