UA

This study investigated the relationship between serum uric acid (UA) levels in early pregnancy and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using a cohort of 684 GDM cases and 1162 controls, as well as a 1:1 case-control study involving 311 GDM cases and matched controls. In the matched population, higher UA levels were associated with an increased risk of GDM, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.967 (95% CI: 1.475–2.625) for the highest tertile compared to the lowest. A linear relationship between UA and GDM risk was observed when UA levels exceeded 222 μmol/L. However, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis showed no evidence of a causal relationship between UA levels and GDM risk (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.91–1.25). The study concludes that while higher UA levels in early pregnancy are positively associated with GDM risk, there is no genetic evidence to suggest a direct causal relationship.