HOMA-IR

This study explored the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a prospective cohort of 462 pregnant women. Among the participants, 29.44% developed GDM. Both HbA1c and HOMA-IR were positively associated with an increased risk of GDM, and the risk was significantly higher when both markers were elevated. This association was not observed in women under 35 years of age. Additionally, fasting glucose levels at 24-28 weeks were higher in the group with elevated HOMA-IR and HbA1c among women with GDM. These findings suggest that combined assessments of HbA1c and HOMA-IR in early pregnancy may help identify women at high risk for GDM, enabling earlier interventions.