PLT

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects a significant proportion of pregnancies worldwide and poses serious health risks. This study utilized data from 187,432 pregnant women from 10 hospitals in Xiamen to investigate the relationship between pre-pregnancy demographic parameters, early-pregnancy laboratory biomarkers, and GDM risk. Eight independent factors were identified as significant predictors of GDM: pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-pregnancy folic acid intake, white cell count, platelet count, alanine transaminase, albumin, direct bilirubin, and creatinine. Notably, every 3 kg/m2 increase in pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with a 22% higher GDM risk (adjusted OR: 1.22), while pre-pregnancy folic acid intake reduced GDM risk by 27% (adjusted OR: 0.73). A predictive nomogram model incorporating these eight factors and maternal age demonstrated excellent accuracy (87%) for early identification of women at risk of developing GDM. These findings provide a practical tool for early GDM risk assessment and highlight the importance of pre-pregnancy and early-pregnancy health indicators in preventive care.