TyG

This prospective cohort study aimed to explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in early pregnancy and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the second trimester, as well as its predictive potential for other pregnancy-related complications (PRCs). The study involved 1,624 pregnant women who underwent antenatal counseling and continuous monitoring until delivery. The TyG index was calculated using maternal triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose levels in early pregnancy. Logistic regression analysis showed that for every 1-unit increase in the TyG index, the risk of GDM increased by 2.10-fold, with the highest risk observed in the highest quintile of TyG compared to the lowest (odds ratio: 3.25). The TyG index was found to be a reliable predictor of GDM, with an optimal cutoff value of 8.890 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.641. Combining the TyG index with maternal age and pre-pregnancy body mass index improved predictive performance (AUC: 0.672). Additionally, the TyG index was associated with an increased risk of gestational hypertension, but no significant association was found with preeclampsia, placental abruption, intrauterine distress, or premature rupture of membranes. The study concluded that the TyG index could effectively identify women at risk for GDM in the second trimester and suggested its incorporation into routine clinical assessments to enable timely interventions, improving maternal and infant health outcomes.