TyG

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of early pregnancy triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C), and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL-C) in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 1,073 pregnant women were enrolled in the study, with data collected on anthropometric measurements and lipid profiles in the first trimester, followed by a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between 24-28 weeks of gestation. The results showed that women with GDM had higher TyG, TG/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C levels, while no significant difference was observed in TC/HDL-C. TyG, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C were positively correlated with insulin resistance, as measured by the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), with TyG emerging as an independent risk factor for HOMA-IR. The TyG index had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.692, which was comparable to that of HOMA-IR (AUC 0.703). The study also identified the optimal cut-off values for TyG index, TG/HDL-C, and HOMA-IR in predicting GDM as 7.088, 0.831, and 1.8, respectively. HOMA-IR showed the highest sensitivity (79.1%), while TyG index (64.3%) and TG/HDL-C (64.3%) demonstrated better specificity. The study concluded that early pregnancy TyG index and TG/HDL-C are useful in identifying women at risk for GDM, with TyG index being a more effective predictor compared to TG/HDL-C.