VitA

This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between early pregnancy vitamin A and E levels and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study, conducted with 667 pregnant women, found that higher vitamin A levels in early pregnancy were significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM, with a positive correlation to fasting blood glucose. Multivariate models showed that for each standard deviation increase in vitamin A levels, the odds of developing GDM increased by 46%. A trend of increased GDM risk across vitamin A quartiles was also observed. In contrast, no significant overall association was found between serum vitamin E levels and GDM, though a protective trend was noted with the vitamin E/cholesterol ratio. The predictive model combining vitamin A and other risk factors had good performance (AUC: 0.760). These findings suggest that higher vitamin A levels could serve as a potential biomarker for early prediction and pathogenesis of GDM.